Sippie Wallace was born Beulah Belle Thomas at Plum Bayou (Jefferson County) on Nov. 1, 1898. She was one of 13 children born to Fanny and George W. Thomas Sr.
When she was just a child, her family moved to Houston, Texas, where her father was a deacon at Shiloh Baptist Church. In grammar school, Beulah was nicknamed "Sippie" because as she once said, her teeth "were so far apart she had to sip everything," and the name stuck with her.
As a member of a family overflowing with musical talents, it was at Shiloh that Wallace began to develop her musical abilities, learning to sing and play the organ as a member of the church choir. On summer nights though, she and her brothers George Jr. and Hersal, both talented musicians, would sneak out of their house and follow the ragtime music to traveling tent shows.
There they listened to blues singers and became acquainted with their style and sound. On one such visit to a tent show, Wallace was asked to fill an opening in the chorus line. That very night, a star was born.
Around that same time, the tent shows began to expand, with performances growing more and more elaborate, which provided the perfect opportunity to gain more experience as a performer.
When the tent shows moved from Houston to Dallas, Wallace went right along with them. So by the mid-1910s, she had become a versatile tent-show performer, acting in plays, dancing in the chorus line, doing comedy routines, singing solo blues ballads and even serving as a snake charmer's assistant.
Pursuing greater musical opportunities, she and Hersal moved to New Orleans in 1915 to work with George Jr., who was by then an accomplished pianist, songwriter and music publisher. Wallace found herself surrounded by other musicians like King Oliver, Louis Armstrong, Sidney Bechet, Clarence Williams and Johnny Dodds, who just like her, were on their way to becoming jazz greats.
In New Orleans, after marrying and divorcing Frank Seals, she married Matt Wallace in 1917 and took his last name. In 1923, she and Hersal moved to Chicago, where George Jr. helped them meet Ralph Peer, the general manager of OKeh Records. Three months after signing with OKeh Records, billed as the 'Texas Nightingale," Sippie Wallace became a blues star.
"Shorty George Blues," written with her brother George Jr., sold more than 100,000 records. From 1924 to 1927, Wallace recorded more than 40 songs with OKeh Records, many with her friends from New Orleans like Armstrong, Dodd and Williams. Many of her popular songs, such as "Lazy Bone Blues," were written and composed by Wallace and her brothers George Jr. and Hersal.
Wallace's hard-fought success was dealt many personal and professional blues during this period, though.
Hersal died of food poisoning in 1926. The Great Depression ushered in a change in the public's musical taste, decreasing interest in classic blues and in Wallace's career.
Finally, in 1936, George Jr. and Matt Wallace both died. This spate of tragedies prompted Wallace to move to Detroit and embrace her gospel music roots. All wasn't over for this blues giant, though. In 1966, fellow jazz alum Victoria Spivey convinced Wallace to make a record with her.
After almost four decades away from the limelight, at 68 years old, Wallace made her great comeback to the jazz scene. Wallace and Victoria released their album, "Sippie Wallace and Victoria Spivey," on Victoria's record label in 1970.
In 1971, Bonnie Raitt's self-titled debut album included two of Wallace's most famous songs, "Woman Be Wise" and "Mighty Tight Woman," renewing public interest in Wallace and her music. During the 1970s and 1980s, the two women recorded and toured together. In 1982, she recorded the album "Sippie" with Atlantic Records. It was nominated for a Grammy Award in 1983 and won the 1982 W.C. Handy Award for Best Blues Album of the Year.
After suffering a severe stroke, Wallace died in Detroit on Nov. 1, 1986. Since her death, she has been officially recognized across the country for the pioneering jazz singer and musician she was. She was posthumously inducted into the Michigan Women's Hall of Fame in 1993, the Blues Foundation Hall of Fame in 2003 and she is a member of the Houston Institute for Culture's Texas Music Hall of Fame.
This article is among features at explorepinebluff.com, a program of the Pine Bluff Advertising and Promotion Commission. Sources: www.BlackPast.org - SIPPIE WALLACE (1898-1986); www.Encyclopedia.com - Sippie Wallace 1898 - 1986; www.TSHAOnline.org - Wallace, Beulah Thomas [Sippie] (1898–1986); and www.Wikipedia.com - Sippie Wallace. Image Credit: DameTown.com.
Ninfa O. Barnard wrote this article for explorepinebluff.com.