RIKUZENTAKATA, Japan -- New roads. New town halls. New shopping centers. The scars are disappearing from Japan's northeast coast as people rebuild from the tsunami that wrecked the region 10 years ago.
But some towns have decided to preserve reminders of the March 11, 2011, disaster -- as a symbol of their resilience, to remember their dead loved ones and as a lesson for future generations.
In Rikuzentakata, where more than 1,700 people died, townspeople refurbished the lone pine tree that initially survived the tsunami, which flattened the surrounding coastal forest. When the tree, which is known as the "Miracle Pine," began dying from seawater exposure, it was taken down, treated and then reerected to create a memorial that has become a symbol of hope for the region.
Some of the damage has been preserved despite fierce debate among survivors in whom it inspires mixed feelings of pain, sorrow and hope. Many also have differing ideas about how they should remember their dead loved ones.
It took five years before the residents and survivors in the city of Ishinomaki -- where more than 3,000 people were killed in the tsunami -- decided to preserve the Okawa elementary school. Eighty-four people died there, including 74 children.
In 2014, about one third of the families of the children sued the city and Miyagi prefecture, accusing authorities of mishandling the evacuation. In 2019, the Supreme Court ruled that the city and prefecture were negligent for failing to have a crisis management plan. After a divisive debate over what to do with the school building, the city decided to keep it as a memorial site.
In the coastal town of Minamisanriku, which is known for oyster and scallop farming, residents are still discussing what to do with a structure that used to be a city disaster prevention center.
For some survivors, the structure is a painful reminder; for others, it's a place to remember loved ones who worked until the last minute to save people before the tsunami swallowed the 40-foot-high building, along with some 80 people inside. About 800 people were killed across the town.
"Both sides are right," Mayor Jin Sato said.
For now, the structure is being kept around as a symbol. It is under the prefecture's control for another 10 years, and officials hope this will allow time for the residents to come to a consensus.
![A woman walks past the ruin of a building destroyed by the 2011 tsunami in Rikuzentakata, Iwate Prefecture, Friday, March 5, 2021. In Rikuzentakata more than 1,700 people died by the March 11, 2011 disaster. (AP Photo/Eugene Hoshiko)]()
A woman walks past the ruin of a building destroyed by the 2011 tsunami in Rikuzentakata, Iwate Prefecture, Friday, March 5, 2021. In Rikuzentakata more than 1,700 people died by the March 11, 2011 disaster. (AP Photo/Eugene Hoshiko)
![A man and a woman walk near a replica of a lone pine tree that initially survived the 2011 tsunami that flattened the surrounding coastal forest, in Rikuzentakata, Iwate Prefecture, northern Japan Thursday, March 4, 2021. The tree, which eventually died of seawater exposure, was known as the "Miracle Pine," and townspeople treated, reinforced and then preserved it as a memorial and symbol of hope for the region. (AP Photo/Eugene Hoshiko)]()
A man and a woman walk near a replica of a lone pine tree that initially survived the 2011 tsunami that flattened the surrounding coastal forest, in Rikuzentakata, Iwate Prefecture, northern Japan Thursday, March 4, 2021. The tree, which eventually died of seawater exposure, was known as the "Miracle Pine," and townspeople treated, reinforced and then preserved it as a memorial and symbol of hope for the region. (AP Photo/Eugene Hoshiko)
![A roadside station destroyed by the 2011 tsunami is seen in Rikuzentakata, Iwate Prefecture, Friday, March 5, 2021. In Rikuzentakata more than 1,700 people died by the March 11, 2011 disaster. (AP Photo/Eugene Hoshiko)]()
A roadside station destroyed by the 2011 tsunami is seen in Rikuzentakata, Iwate Prefecture, Friday, March 5, 2021. In Rikuzentakata more than 1,700 people died by the March 11, 2011 disaster. (AP Photo/Eugene Hoshiko)
![Visitors look at the skeleton of the disaster prevention headquarters building, where 43 workers died as the March 11, 2011 tsunami washed over it, in Minamisanriku, Miyagi Prefecture, northern Japan, Saturday, March 6, 2021. The three-story building is one of legacies that still stand in northern Japan's coastal towns, 10 years after the earthquake and tsunami that killed more than 18,000 people. (AP Photo/Eugene Hoshiko)]()
Visitors look at the skeleton of the disaster prevention headquarters building, where 43 workers died as the March 11, 2011 tsunami washed over it, in Minamisanriku, Miyagi Prefecture, northern Japan, Saturday, March 6, 2021. The three-story building is one of legacies that still stand in northern Japan's coastal towns, 10 years after the earthquake and tsunami that killed more than 18,000 people. (AP Photo/Eugene Hoshiko)
![Visitors pray for the victims of the 2011 tsunami disaster at the Minamisanriku Memorial Park of Earthquake Disaster in Minamisanriku, Miyagi Prefecture, northern Japan, Saturday, March 6, 2021. The disaster marks the 10th-year anniversary on March 11, 2021. (AP Photo/Eugene Hoshiko)]()
Visitors pray for the victims of the 2011 tsunami disaster at the Minamisanriku Memorial Park of Earthquake Disaster in Minamisanriku, Miyagi Prefecture, northern Japan, Saturday, March 6, 2021. The disaster marks the 10th-year anniversary on March 11, 2021. (AP Photo/Eugene Hoshiko)
![A tsunami inundation sign is seen at an area destroyed by the 2011 tsunami in Rikuzentakata, Iwate Prefecture, Friday, March 5, 2021. In Rikuzentakata more than 1,700 people died by the March 11, 2011 disaster. (AP Photo/Eugene Hoshiko)]()
A tsunami inundation sign is seen at an area destroyed by the 2011 tsunami in Rikuzentakata, Iwate Prefecture, Friday, March 5, 2021. In Rikuzentakata more than 1,700 people died by the March 11, 2011 disaster. (AP Photo/Eugene Hoshiko)
![A man and a woman stand near a replica of a lone pine tree that initially survived the 2011 tsunami that flattened the surrounding coastal forest, stands in Rikuzentakata, Iwate Prefecture, northern Japan, Thursday, March 4, 2021. The tree, which eventually died of seawater exposure, was known as the "Miracle Pine," and townspeople treated, reinforced and then preserved it as a memorial and symbol of hope for the region. (AP Photo/Eugene Hoshiko)]()
A man and a woman stand near a replica of a lone pine tree that initially survived the 2011 tsunami that flattened the surrounding coastal forest, stands in Rikuzentakata, Iwate Prefecture, northern Japan, Thursday, March 4, 2021. The tree, which eventually died of seawater exposure, was known as the "Miracle Pine," and townspeople treated, reinforced and then preserved it as a memorial and symbol of hope for the region. (AP Photo/Eugene Hoshiko)
![A replica of a lone pine tree that initially survived the 2011 tsunami that flattened the surrounding coastal forest, right, is seen in Rikuzentakata, Iwate Prefecture, northern Japan Thursday, March 4, 2021. The tree, which eventually died of seawater exposure, was known as the "Miracle Pine," and townspeople treated, reinforced and then preserved it as a memorial and symbol of hope for the region. (AP Photo/Eugene Hoshiko)]()
A replica of a lone pine tree that initially survived the 2011 tsunami that flattened the surrounding coastal forest, right, is seen in Rikuzentakata, Iwate Prefecture, northern Japan Thursday, March 4, 2021. The tree, which eventually died of seawater exposure, was known as the "Miracle Pine," and townspeople treated, reinforced and then preserved it as a memorial and symbol of hope for the region. (AP Photo/Eugene Hoshiko)
![A former police station destroyed by the March 11, 2011 deadly tsunami is seen in Onagawa, Miyagi Prefecture, northern Japan. Thursday, March 4, 2021. Some towns decided to preserve reminders of the disaster - as a symbol of their resilience, to remember their dead loved ones and as a lesson for future generations. (AP Photo/Eugene Hoshiko)]()
A former police station destroyed by the March 11, 2011 deadly tsunami is seen in Onagawa, Miyagi Prefecture, northern Japan. Thursday, March 4, 2021. Some towns decided to preserve reminders of the disaster - as a symbol of their resilience, to remember their dead loved ones and as a lesson for future generations. (AP Photo/Eugene Hoshiko)
![A former wedding ceremony hall "Takano Kaikan," center, ruined by the 2011 deadly tsunami is seen in Minamisanriku, Miyagi Prefecture, northern Japan Saturday, March 6, 2021. When the tsunami struck the town, around 300 senior citizens evacuated to a room on the top floor and a machinery room on the roof to survived. (AP Photo/Eugene Hoshiko)]()
A former wedding ceremony hall "Takano Kaikan," center, ruined by the 2011 deadly tsunami is seen in Minamisanriku, Miyagi Prefecture, northern Japan Saturday, March 6, 2021. When the tsunami struck the town, around 300 senior citizens evacuated to a room on the top floor and a machinery room on the roof to survived. (AP Photo/Eugene Hoshiko)
![Former Okawa Elementary School where 74 children from the school lost their lives along with 10 teachers by a massive tsunami in 2011, is seen in Ishinomaki, Miyagi Prefecture, northern Japan Saturday, March 6, 2021. The elementary school was decided to preserve reminders of the March 11, 2011, disaster. (AP Photo/Eugene Hoshiko)]()
Former Okawa Elementary School where 74 children from the school lost their lives along with 10 teachers by a massive tsunami in 2011, is seen in Ishinomaki, Miyagi Prefecture, northern Japan Saturday, March 6, 2021. The elementary school was decided to preserve reminders of the March 11, 2011, disaster. (AP Photo/Eugene Hoshiko)
![The skeleton of the tsunami-damaged disaster prevention headquarters where 43 workers died as the tsunami washed over it, is seen in Minamisanriku, Miyagi Prefecture, northern Japan, Saturday, March 6, 2021. The three-story building is one of legacies that still stand in northern Japan's coastal towns, 10 years after the earthquake and tsunami that killed more than 18,000 people. (AP Photo/Eugene Hoshiko)]()
The skeleton of the tsunami-damaged disaster prevention headquarters where 43 workers died as the tsunami washed over it, is seen in Minamisanriku, Miyagi Prefecture, northern Japan, Saturday, March 6, 2021. The three-story building is one of legacies that still stand in northern Japan's coastal towns, 10 years after the earthquake and tsunami that killed more than 18,000 people. (AP Photo/Eugene Hoshiko)
![Offering flowers are placed at former Okawa Elementary School where 74 children along with 10 teachers died because of a botched evacuation when the tsunami hit on March 11, 2011, in Ishinomaki, Miyagi Prefecture, northern Japan Sunday, March 7, 2021. (AP Photo/Eugene Hoshiko)]()
Offering flowers are placed at former Okawa Elementary School where 74 children along with 10 teachers died because of a botched evacuation when the tsunami hit on March 11, 2011, in Ishinomaki, Miyagi Prefecture, northern Japan Sunday, March 7, 2021. (AP Photo/Eugene Hoshiko)
![A visitor prays for the victims of the 2011 tsunami near the skeleton of the tsunami-damaged disaster prevention headquarters, where 43 workers died as the tsunami washed over it, in Minamisanriku, Miyagi Prefecture, northern Japan, Saturday, March 6, 2021. The three-story building is one of legacies that still stand in northern Japan's coastal towns, 10 years after the earthquake and tsunami that killed more than 18,000 people. (AP Photo/Eugene Hoshiko)]()
A visitor prays for the victims of the 2011 tsunami near the skeleton of the tsunami-damaged disaster prevention headquarters, where 43 workers died as the tsunami washed over it, in Minamisanriku, Miyagi Prefecture, northern Japan, Saturday, March 6, 2021. The three-story building is one of legacies that still stand in northern Japan's coastal towns, 10 years after the earthquake and tsunami that killed more than 18,000 people. (AP Photo/Eugene Hoshiko)
![A replica of a lone pine tree that initially survived the 2011 tsunami that flattened the surrounding coastal forest, stands in Rikuzentakata, Iwate Prefecture, northern Japan Thursday, March 4, 2021. The tree, which eventually died of seawater exposure, was known as the "Miracle Pine," and townspeople treated, reinforced and then preserved it as a memorial and symbol of hope for the region. (AP Photo/Eugene Hoshiko)]()
A replica of a lone pine tree that initially survived the 2011 tsunami that flattened the surrounding coastal forest, stands in Rikuzentakata, Iwate Prefecture, northern Japan Thursday, March 4, 2021. The tree, which eventually died of seawater exposure, was known as the "Miracle Pine," and townspeople treated, reinforced and then preserved it as a memorial and symbol of hope for the region. (AP Photo/Eugene Hoshiko)
![The skeleton of the tsunami-damaged disaster prevention headquarters where 43 workers died as the 2011 tsunami washed over it, is seen in Minamisanriku, Miyagi Prefecture, northern Japan, Saturday, March 6, 2021. The three-story building is one of legacies that still stand in northern Japan's coastal towns, 10 years after the earthquake and tsunami that killed more than 18,000 people. (AP Photo/Eugene Hoshiko)]()
The skeleton of the tsunami-damaged disaster prevention headquarters where 43 workers died as the 2011 tsunami washed over it, is seen in Minamisanriku, Miyagi Prefecture, northern Japan, Saturday, March 6, 2021. The three-story building is one of legacies that still stand in northern Japan's coastal towns, 10 years after the earthquake and tsunami that killed more than 18,000 people. (AP Photo/Eugene Hoshiko)
![Takano kaikan building stands with a blue marker where the water rose when 2011 deadly tsunami hit the region in Minamisanriku, northern Japan, March 6, 2021. When the tsunami struck the town, around 300 senior citizens evacuated to a room on the top floor and a machinery room on the roof to survived. (AP Photo/Haruka Nuga)]()
Takano kaikan building stands with a blue marker where the water rose when 2011 deadly tsunami hit the region in Minamisanriku, northern Japan, March 6, 2021. When the tsunami struck the town, around 300 senior citizens evacuated to a room on the top floor and a machinery room on the roof to survived. (AP Photo/Haruka Nuga)
