Opinion

OPINION | BRENDA BLAGG: Without a change, beneficiaries of student loan forgiveness may get a higher state tax bill

Student loan forgiveness impacts what’s owed to state

Wouldn't you know it?

Arkansas is one of just a few states that may take a share of the federal student loan forgiveness recently promised by President Joe Biden.

Remember, more than 40 million Americans are supposed to see their student loan debt cut or eliminated under the recently announced plan.

It can be a tidy sum, up to $10,000 for individuals with incomes below $125,000 a year, or households that earn less than $250,000.

What's more, the government will cancel another $10,000 of debt for those who got federal Pell grants to pay for college, if they were paid out to the recipient before July 1.

What will happen in Arkansas, unless the Legislature acts to change the tax law, is that the state will tax the forgiven federal debt as income.

The same problem exists in Mississippi, Minnesota, Wisconsin and North Carolina, according to the Tax Foundation, a Washington, D.C.-based think tank.

Some other states are researching their laws to determine if they, too, must tax the forgiven debt.

How much the tax man might take depends on each state's tax rates and each individual's other income, deductions and the exemptions they can claim. But they could owe up to several hundred extra tax dollars.

Scott Hardin, a spokesman for the Arkansas Department of Finance and Administration, acknowledged last week that forgiven debt is typically considered a part of a taxpayer's gross income and is therefore taxable.

He also suggested it is too soon to say for sure that forgiven student loans will be taxed in Arkansas.

Wait, at least, he said, until the Legislature meets next year.

Note to voters: This is one of those questions you ought to pose to legislative candidates as the Nov. 8 general election approaches.

Keep in mind that this will be no small consideration for lawmakers.

Nor are all of them necessarily disposed toward Biden's student debt relief program. The Arkansas Legislature is, after all, predominantly Republican and many Republicans have dissed the president's plan to forgive student loans.

As Tony Williams, director of the Arkansas Student Loan Authority, explained, more than 100,000 Arkansans could have the entirety of their student loans wiped out.

The total debt that could be forgiven in Arkansas, he said, is $2 billion to $3 billion.

Certainly, a Legislature that just cut taxes in a special session this year, might hesitate about more exemptions next year.

However, the same lawmakers who cut those taxes also allowed other exemptions during the covid-19 pandemic.

They, for example, exempted unemployment benefits from the state income tax for two years and similarly passed state tax exemptions on federal Paycheck Protection Program loans.

Are they going to give breaks to some taxpayers while refusing this tax break to others?

If that depends on legislative leadership, we'll wait for an answer.

Some leaders declined to say what they might do, at least until they can "fully review the specifics," as House Speaker Matthew Shepherd, R-El Dorado, said in a statement.

For what it is worth, two other term-limited Republican leaders, Gov. Asa Hutchinson and Attorney General Leslie Rutledge, don't like Biden's student loan forgiveness plan.

He called Biden's plan a "misuse of executive authority" and she has said she'd "take action" against it.

Worth more in this instance is what the next governor of Arkansas might think.

But, as she has with many other issues in her so-called campaign for governor, Republican nominee, Sarah Huckabee Sanders, declined to comment to a reporter. Even her decline was through a spokesman.

The Democratic nominee, Chris Jones, on the other hand said the Legislature should exempt forgiven student loan debt from the state's income tax. He sees a value in having young workers "who are not overburdened by debt," he said.

Libertarian nominee Ricky Dale Harrington Jr., himself a Pell grant recipient, said he'd rather pay back the loans than to have them considered taxable income. He didn't really say what the state should do about changing its tax law to exempt this forgiven debt.

The point here is there are a lot of differing opinions on this question and, if people want to influence eventual legislative action, now's the time to let candidates for the Legislature, attorney general and governor know how the state should respond.

While little turnover is expected in the Legislature, the two statewide offices will be filled with new people.

Even returning lawmakers might be persuadable, if they hear from enough voters.

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