WASHINGTON -- Lawmakers accused drugmaker Valeant Pharmaceuticals of gouging patients to reward Wall Street investors at a hearing Wednesday focused on the drugmaker's pricing tactics.
The tough words from Senate Republicans and Democrats came as billionaire hedge fund manager William Ackman defended the company's business model, according to his prepared testimony.
As the hearing opened, lawmakers attacked the Canadian drugmaker's approach to buying older, niche drugs and increasing prices.
"Valeant's monopoly model operates at the expense of real people," said Sen. Susan Collins, R-Maine, in her opening statement.
Berna Heyman, a patient with a rare genetic disorder called Wilson's disease, testified that the copay on her medication increased from $700 per year to more than $10,000. The 30-year-old drug, Syprine, was acquired by Valeant in 2010 and has seen its price increase more than 3,000 percent.
Collins said documents reviewed by her staff show Valeant already has recouped the purchase costs of four drugs subject to drastic price increases, including Syprine.
Ranking Democrat Claire McCaskill, D-Mo., said executives with ties to Wall Street have driven the adoption of Valeant's business model.
"The notion that we can sit idly by while smart people on Wall Street can do ledger entries to create another layer of profit in the health care sector to benefit multimillionaires on the backs of patients and ultimately taxpayers can't continue," McCaskill said.
The committee also heard from Valeant's soon-to-exit CEO Michael Pearson, its former chief financial officer, Howard Schiller, and Ackman, whose hedge fund holds a large stake in Valeant and controls two seats on its board of directors.
Valeant's stock surged under Pearson's leadership, fueled by a strategy of gobbling up smaller companies and raising prices on niche drugs -- bypassing the huge research and development investments typical of the drug industry. Valeant raised net prices on its portfolio of U.S. drugs by 41.3 percent between October 2014 and October 2015, according to research by Sector and Sovereign Research analyst Richard Evans.
Ackman told lawmakers this "low-cost and disciplined" business model made Valeant a smarter investment than other drugmakers.
"A number of observers have suggested that the more a pharmaceutical company spends on [research and development], the better for society. We do not believe this to be true," said Ackman, who is founder and CEO of Pershing Square Capital. Ackman, whose hedge fund controls $12 billion, said Valeant's strategy can do "more for innovation in pharma by acquiring other drug companies" than by developing its own drugs.
However, he said that certain drastic price increases -- including those that first attracted congressional scrutiny -- were mistakes that have caused "great reputational damage."
Ackman vowed to use his influence to make sure that approach to pricing "is never repeated at Valeant."
Pearson expressed regret for the price increases, specifically raising prices on two life-saving heart drugs by more than 300 percent and 700 percent, respectively.
"Valeant was too aggressive and I, as its leader, was too aggressive," he told lawmakers. "I regret pursuing transactions where a central premise was a planned increase in the prices of the medicines."
His comments come shortly before Pearson is to be replaced as Valeant CEO and may not win much sympathy from Senate lawmakers.
Valeant announced Monday that it would soon replace Pearson with Joseph Papa, CEO of generic drugmaker Perrigo Co.
In recent months, Valeant has been swamped by a host of problems including three ongoing federal investigations of its accounting and pricing practices, massive debt and the threat of default on agreements with creditors and bondholders.
The intense scrutiny of the Laval, Quebec-based company has triggered repeated sell-offs of Valeant shares, which have lost nearly 90 percent of their value since peaking last August.
Business on 04/28/2016