Gunmen kill 9 giving polio vaccine in Nigeria

— Gunmen suspected of belonging to a militant Islamic sect shot and killed at least nine women who were taking part in a polio vaccination drive in northern Nigeria on Friday.

The violence highlights the religious tensions that surround the inoculation of children in one of the few nations where polio remains endemic.

The attack shocked residents of Kano, the largest city in Nigeria’s predominantly Muslim north, where women often go from house to house to give the vaccination, as Muslim families feel more comfortable allowing them into their homes than men. It also signaled a new wave of anger targeting immunization drives in Nigeria, where clerics once claimed the vaccines were part of a Western plot to sterilize young girls.

The first attack Friday morning happened in Kano’s Hotoro Hayi neighborhood , where gunmen arrived by three-wheel taxis and opened fire. At least eight female vaccinators died in that attack, witnesses said.

Four people were killed in the second attack, in the Unguwa Uku neighborhood, witnesses said. The witnesses spoke on condition of anonymity out of fear of angering the militant sect known as Boko Haram.

Confusion surrounded the death toll, however, as Kano state police spokesman Musa Magaji Majia said the attacks killed only nine people - all of them women taking part in the drive and giving the oral vaccine drops to children. A local hospital later said it received only two corpses from the Unguwa Uku attack, with four others wounded.

Definitive death tolls for such attacks in Nigeria are difficult to obtain. Police and military forces in Nigeria routinely downplay such casualties, and families quickly bury the dead before the next sunset per local Muslim tradition.

In Washington, State Department spokesman Victoria Nuland condemned attacks.

“They were engaged in lifesaving work, trying to vaccinate children,” she told reporters. “Any violence that prevents children from receiving basic life-saving vaccines is absolutely unacceptable, wherever it happens.”

While police said they had no immediate suspects, witnesses said they believed that Boko Haram is behind the shootings. Boko Haram, whose name means “Western education is sacrilege” in the Hausa language of the north, has been behind a series of violent attacks across northern Nigeria as part of its fight against the country’s weak central government. Boko Haram is blamed for killing at least 792 people last year in Nigeria, according to an Associated Press count. That includes an attack in Kano last January that killed at least 185.

Other attacks have targeted polio vaccinators in Kano. In October, police said two officers involved in guarding a polio immunization drive there were shot and killed. State government officials who oversee the vaccination program did not immediately respond to requests for comment about the attack Friday or whether they would suspend the drive after the killings.

A Kano radio station reported earlier this week that local officials had attacked one of its journalists and confiscated his equipment after he came upon a man who refused to allow his children to be vaccinated. A producer for the program apparently spoke on air about fears people have about the vaccine, which then spread through the city. Kano state’s police commissioner later ordered his officers to arrest the producer, officials said.

The suspicion of and resistance to polio vaccinations in Nigeria exploded in 2003 when a Kano physician who headed the Supreme Council for Shariah in Nigeria said the vaccines were “corrupted and tainted by evildoers from America and their Western allies.”

That led to hundreds of new infections in children in Nigeria’s north, where beggars on locally made wooden skateboards drag their withered legs back and forth in traffic, begging for alms. The 2003 outbreak in Nigeria eventually spread throughout the world,even to Indonesia.

Today, Nigeria is one of three countries where polio remains endemic; the others are Afghanistan and Pakistan. Last year, Nigeria registered 121 new polio infections, more than half of all cases reported around the world, according to data from the World Health Organization.

Information for this article was contributed by Bradley Klapper of The Associated Press.

Front Section, Pages 5 on 02/09/2013

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